Orange marks a spelling English speakers read wrongly: gn is ny as in "canyon", gli is ly as in "million", and sc before e or i is sh. Struck grey is a silent letter, as the h in ho and hanno.

Respelling: CAPITALS are the stressed syllable. ch is as in "church" (Italian c before e or i), k is the hard sound (Italian c before a, o or u, and ch before e or i), j is as in "judge" (Italian g before e or i), sh is Italian sc before e or i, ts and dz are the two z sounds, ny is gn, ly is gli. A doubled letter in the respelling (tt, ss, ll) means hold that sound a beat longer; it changes the word, as in sete (thirst) and sette (seven). Vowels are pure: ah, eh, ee, oh, oo. The r is a quick tap or roll.